Medical Scientist is First Malaysian to Win Australian PM Award

Obstetrician and gynaecologist Dr Jeegajeeva Rao from UiTM’s Faculty of Medicine, has become the first, and only Malaysian, to receive the coveted Australian Prime Minister’s Asia Endeavour Award 2010.

The Prime Minister’s Scholarship Award, worth RM630,500.00, will enable Dr Rao to pursue his doctorate in medicine at the University of News South Wales and undertake research at the Royal Hospital for Women, Sydney. Dr. Rao will conduct research on the human papilloma virus (HPV) and cervical cancer under Australia’s leading gynaecological cancer specialist, Professor Neville Hacker.

The award was made to Dr Rao by Her Excellency Ms Penny Williams at a special ceremony held at the Chancellory, UiTM, in the presence of the university’s top management.

The Vice-Chancellor, Dato’ Professor Dr Sahol Hamid Abu Bakar stated that Dr Rao was being recognised for a string of accomplishments besides his vast training and experience in Malaysia, United Kingdom, Indonesia and Australia.

Dr Rao who leaves on Sunday to pursue his studies said the award was “a dream come true.”

Direktori Aktif - Suatu keperluan mengikut HIPAA

Semua hospital yang menggunakan sistem maklumat berkomputer atau rekod maklumat berkomputer wajib mematuhi keperluan keselamatan yang ditetapkan oleh HIPAA. Maklumat pesakit adalah "private and confidential" justeru ia perlu bebas daripada godaman pengodan. Semua pengguna yang berhubung dengan sistem rangkaian boleh dikenali dan diketahui menggunakan aktif direktori. Ia juga memudahkan pentadbir rangkaian dan pentadbir sistem mengurus sistem ICT kerana semua device yang berhubung dan bersambung didalam rangkaian boleh dikawal dan dipantau.

Cisco vs Juniper ? Siapa Pemenangnya.....

Jupiner berhasrat untuk membuktikan kepada UiTM bahawa router mereka lebih tahan lasak berbanding cisco. Mereka menjanjikan 99.98 % uptime selama satu tahun kepada UiTM. Saya berminat untuk meneroka junos sehingga ke akar umbi.

Selamat Kembali Ke Pangkuan UiTM - Dato' Prof. Ir. Dr. Sahol Hamid Abu Bakar Naib Canselor baru UiTM

Semoga UiTM akan menjadi lebih dinamik, maju dan berwibawa berasaskan budaya kualiti, beretika profesional dan permuafakatan ilmu dibawah kepimpinan beliau. Saya berhasrat untuk merealisasikan konvergensi suara, data dan video di UiTM. Semoga berlaku suatu pembaharuan dalam bidang ICT di UiTM menyaksikan halatuju ICT yang lebih mesra pengguna, selamat dan berdaya saing.

Selamat Melayari Internet - Mahasiswa Perubatan UiTM Selayang boleh menggunakan kemudahan wireless broadband percuma bermula hari ini

Malam tadi saya membantu mahasiswa/i perubatan selayang untuk menggunakan kemudahan wireless broadband percuma di semua kawasan terbuka dan tertutup di sekitar Kampus Fakulti Perubatan Selayang terutamanya di Cafeteria. Maklumbalas mahasiswa perubatan umumnya baik.

Perjumpaan Mahasiswa NR Fakulti Sains Gunaan

Pada hari ini saya dan En. Amizar memberikan taklimat mengenai peranan unit pengurusan NR dalam membantu mahasiswa NR bermula jam 9.00 pagi sehingga 11.00 pagi. Majlis tersebut berjalan lancar dan mendapat sambutan yang menggalakan daripada mahasiswa NR daripada Fakulti Sains Gunaan.

Majlis Perpisahan dan "Send-Off" untuk Tan Sri Naib Canselor

Hari ini, 31 Disember 2009 merupakan hari terakhir Tan Sri Prof. Dr Ibrahim Abu Shah menjadi Naib Canselor UiTM. Suatu majlis perpisahan diadakan hari ini di Halaman Bangunan Canseleri

Tarikh : 31 Disember 2009 (Khamis)
Masa : 4.30 petang
Tempat : Halaman Bangunan Canseleri.

Semoga Tan Sri NC sentiasa didampingi kesajahteraan, kebahagiaan dan kegembiraan.

Fakulti Perubatan Kampus Selayang - Kampus Pertama di UiTM Menggunakan Juniper Router

Fakulti Perubatan Kampus Selayang adalah kampus pertama di UiTM menggunakan router Juniper. Selama ini router UiTM dimonopoli oleh cisco dan buat pertama kalinya monopoli ini dipecahkan. Semoga 2010 memberikan budaya bersaing yang sihat diantara vendor ICT yang terlibat dengan projek-projek ICT di UiTM.

10 maut tragedi bas ekspres di Lebuhraya Utara Selatan

IPOH 26 Dis. – Seramai 10 penumpang maut manakala dua lagi cedera dengan seorang daripadanya parah apabila bas dua tingkat, Sani Express terbabas lalu melanggar pembahagi jalan di Kilometer 272.8 Lebuhraya Utara-Selatan arah utara, lapan kilometer dari Plaza Tol Ipoh Selatan di sini, awal pagi ini.

Nahas ngeri tersebut menyebabkan ada di antara penumpang putus kepala serta beberapa anggota badan lain.

Mereka yang maut ialah pasangan suami isteri, Shaharin Mohd. Nor, 61, dan Supiah Adam, 46, dari Klang, Selangor; Mohd. Shukri Mohd. Ali, 22, serta Mohd. Bilal Osman, 22, dari Sungai Besar, Selangor, Sharifah Raheel Al-Junid Syed Harun, 21, dan adiknya, Sharifah Hasanah, 15, (Sungai Petani, Kedah).

Turut maut, Musa @ Ismail Abdullah, 64, dari Gurun, Kedah; Noor Jasmi Noordin, 25, Kangar, Perlis; Ng Kah Kit, 14, dan Ng Poh Ngoh, 23, dari Alor Setar.

Penumpang yang parah dalam kemalangan kira-kira pukul 1 pagi itu ialah Md. Razip Fadzir, 38, seorang pegawai tentera berpangkat Mejar manakala Siti Munira Hashim, 30, dari Langgar, Kedah, cedera ringan.

Ketua Trafik negeri, Supritendan Wan Abdullah Wan Ishak berkata, kesemua mayat dibawa ke Hospital Raja Permaisuri Bainun di sini untuk bedah siasat manakala kedua-dua mereka yang cedera menerima rawatan di hospital sama.

“Mereka yang terbunuh dan cedera merupakan penumpang di tingkat bawah bas. Penumpang di bahagian atas serta kedua-dua pemandu bas tidak mengalami kecederaan,” katanya kepada pemberita di sini hari ini.

Difahamkan, bas ekspres yang membawa seramai 48 penumpang itu bertolak dari Klang menuju ke Kangar pada pukul 9 malam tadi.

Malangnya, ketika tiba di tempat kejadian, bas terbabit dikatakan terbabas lalu merempuh pembahagi jalan di sebelah kiri lebuh raya.

Keadaan bertambah buruk apabila bas itu kemudian melantun dan merempuh pula pembahagi jalan di sebelah kanan lebuh raya sebelum berhenti.

Menurut Wan Abdullah, siasatan awal mendapati, besi daripada pembahagi jalan yang menusuk masuk ke dalam bas selepas rempuhan yang pertama (sebelah kiri) menyebabkan kematian dan kecederaan kepada penumpang-penumpang berkenaan.

Sehubungan itu katanya, pemandu bas ketika kemalangan tersebut telah ditahan polis bagi membantu siasatan mengikut Seksyen 41 (1) Akta Pengangkutan Jalan 1987.

Pemandu tersebut dikatakan berhenti sebentar di hentian rehat dan rawat (R&R) Tapah bagi membolehkan penumpang ke tandas sebelum menyambung semula perjalanan seterusnya.

Sementara itu, seorang daripada penumpang yang terselamat, Marziana Mahmud, 24, mendakwa, pemandu bas tersebut kelihatan mengantuk sebelum berlaku kemalangan.

“Bas dipandu dalam keadaan tidak stabil, terhuyung-hayang ke kiri dan kanan sebelum kejadian,” dakwanya.

Dia yang duduk di bahagian depan tingkat atas bas ketika kemalangan tersebut berlaku berkata, keadaan penumpang ketika itu kelam-kabut dan dalam ketakutan.

(sumber : Mingguan Malaysia)

Leadership in Action : the Vice-Chancellor Receives Distinguished Business Leadership Award 2009 (Public Education Sector)

Tan Sri Dato’ Seri Prof Dr Ibrahim Abu Shah is the recipient of the Business Leadership Award in the Public Education Sector category, in recognition of his exceptional commitment to the advancement of public education as well as his dedication to bring about beneficial socio-economic changes in the country.

The Malaysia Business Leadership Awards (MBLA) 2009 were presented to various remarkable Malaysian business leaders by the Kuala Lumpur Malay Chamber of Commerce at The Royale Chulan, Kuala Lumpur on Saturday, 15th November.

The MBLA for Public Education Sector is one of the most prestigious award categories at the MBLAs. The awards are based on the 6 awarding criteria of entrepreneurial spirit, financial performance, global impact, innovation, personal integrity/influence and strategic direction.

MERRY CHRISTMAS 2009 & HAPPY NEW YEAR 2010

Bagi saudara-saudari yang merayakannya, saya mengucapkan ~ MERRY CHRISTMAS 2009 & HAPPY NEW YEAR 2010 ~ semoga selalu dilimpahi kegembiraan disamping kehidupan keluarga yang berbahagia.

What is an EMR?

An EMR (Electronic Medical Record) is a secure, electronic record of your medical history, stored and shared in a network of connected systems. An EMR will give you the opportunity to look at your health information using a computer. The EMR will bring key health information from a number of different systems together and present it in a single view.

Information in the EMR will be able to be accessed by you and your authorised healthcare providers. With this information available to them, healthcare providers will be able to make better decisions about your health and treatment advice. Over time you will be able to contribute to your own information and add to the recorded information stored in your EMR

The EMR will not hold all the information held in your doctor's records but will complement it by highlighting key information. In the future, as the EMR becomes more widely available, you will be able to access your own health information anytime you need it and from anywhere in UiTM environment.

(Source: http://www.nehta.gov.au/coordinated-care/whats-in-iehr)

SELAMAT TAHUN BARU 1431 HIJRAH

Semoga di tahun ini Allah menganugerahkan taufik dan hidayahNYA kepada kita sekalian untuk Hijrah dari segala perbuatan, sikap dan perkataan-perkataan yang munkar, yang dibenciNya menuju amal kebajikan yang ma'ruf dan yg diridhlaiNya. Dan semoga tahun ini akan menjadi tahun yang jauh lebih bagi kehidupan zahir bathin kita semua daripada tahun-tahun sebelumnya.

Amin Ya Rabbal Alamin

Sweden’s Largest Hospital Targets Improved Patient Care With Cisco Technology

Gartner Data Center Summit, Amsterdam, and Stockholm, Sweden, November 30, 2005 – Cisco Systems today announced that Karolinska University Hospital - Sweden’s largest - is deploying a Cisco Medical-Grade Network solution to help improve healthcare services delivered to patients and streamline IT management. Karolinska, in Stockholm, expects realise significant savings by using Cisco technology to help hospital doctors and home-based medical specialists share patient information quickly and with a high degree of security, making diagnosis and treatment faster and more efficient.

The project is the first step by the hospital toward a Cisco Data Center Network Architecture as it aims to consolidate four data centers – resulting from the merger of two hospitals in Stockholm– into two data centers, one of which will be used for business continuity. Cisco storage area network (SAN) technology will help the hospital manage huge amounts of data more efficiently. The Cisco eRadiology solution using the storage area network is expected to enable 100Gigabytes of data a week, from the radiology department alone, to be stored and easily accessed for several months instead of days before being archived.

Canada Health Infoway and Agfa HealthCare reach preferred solution agreement for diagnostic imaging solutions

December 18, 2009 (Toronto, ON) – Canada Health Infoway (Infoway) and Agfa HealthCare, a leading provider of diagnostic imaging solutions, have reached a Preferred Solution Agreement (PSA) providing preferential conditions and pricing for Agfa HealthCare’s IMPAX™ 6 Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS) and Viewer as well as its IMPAX™ Data Center and Diagnostic Imaging Repository (DI-r). This is the second time Infoway and Agfa HealthCare have achieved a Preferred Solution Agreement.

The Canada-wide PSA provides reduced prices for Canadian hospitals and jurisdictions who join together to implement a common PACS and DI-r infrastructure. The agreement provides the advantage of lower pricing for these groups than if they negotiated terms individually, while also encouraging regional inter-operability through shared services.

Diagnostic imaging and PACS refer to systems that allow X-rays, MRIs, ultrasounds and CT scans to be captured, viewed and transmitted electronically from one site to another. These systems replace conventional X-ray film and greatly improve access to patient information. Diagnostic imaging repositories provide a secure environment for the storage and retrieval of diagnostic images and reports. Patients directly benefit from DI-r and PACS by the elimination of duplicate exams and unnecessary patient transfers, as well as better treatment for residents of remote communities thanks to improvements in distance reporting for radiologists.

“Diagnostic imaging and picture archiving and communication systems bring great value to the Canadian health care system, allowing physicians to instantly access, share and store images anytime, anywhere with anyone who needs them,” said Richard Alvarez, CEO of Canada Health Infoway. “We’re happy to re-establish this agreement with one of the leading companies in this space. Agfa HealthCare has consistently shown its capacity to get the job done and they have a solid track record of successful projects with Infoway and its partners.”

Previous Agfa HealthCare projects that have received Infoway funding include the implementation of a province-wide DI and PACS network in Nova Scotia and the Ontario-based Hospital Diagnostic Imaging Repository Services Incorporated (HDIRS) a partnership of hospitals, the Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care and Infoway, that allows diagnostic images to be shared electronically among a network of 35 participating hospitals.

Agfa HealthCare has also worked on Infoway-funded PACS and DI-r projects across Canada in areas such as the Northwest Territories, Manitoba and New Brunswick.

“Agfa has seen great value in our relationship with Canada Health Infoway and we’re pleased to achieve a Preferred Solution Agreement once again,” said Dave Wilson, vice president of Agfa HealthCare in Canada. “Our PACS and DI-r systems are proven solutions that significantly benefit both the clinical user as well as the patient, so we look forward to continuing to support and drive Canada’s effort in connecting digital diagnostic images and reports, regardless of manufacturer.”

In 2008, Infoway commissioned an independent study to evaluate the benefits of DI-r and PACS. The Diagnostic Imaging Evaluation Benefits Report found evidence that digital DI and PACS result in faster diagnosis times, less duplication of exams, improved remote reporting for radiologists, and increased productivity and efficiency for radiologists, technologists and referring physicians. The report concluded the full implementation of digital imaging, PACS and DI-r would add the equivalent of 500 radiologists to the health care system and eliminate up to 17,000 unnecessary patient transfers annually.

Once fully implemented across Canada, it is estimated that PACS and DI-r will generate between $850 million and $1 billion in health system efficiencies including increased clinical productivity and reduced patient transfers, duplicate exams and films costs.

For More Information:

Dan Strasbourg
Director, Corporate Communications
Canada Health Infoway
Tel.: (416) 595-3424
dstrasbourg@infoway-inforoute.ca

Carolyn Hurley
Agfa HealthCare
Tel: (416) 644-2239
churley@highroad.com

Inaugural Iktiraf Carnival Opens at UiTM

The inaugural IKTIRAF (Ikatan Hati Warga FELDA) Carnival will be officially launched on Sunday 20th December 2009 at the Shah Alam campus by the Prime Minister, YAB Dato’ Sri Mohd Najib Tun Abd Razak. The IKTIRAF programme, initiated by the Prime Minister’s Department, seeks to holistically develop the FELDA community through various initiatives and the IKHTHIRAF Carnival has the corresponding commitment to bring the FELDA community together and to provide strategic and management support especially to the FELDA youth. This unique event will feature prominently in the FELDA calendar as a gesture of goodwill from the government to the FELDA community for the contributions and role FELDA has played in developing the nation.

Selamat Menyambut Hari Raya Aidiladha - Semangat Berkorban Demi Tuhan

Selamat menyambut Aidiladha.Disebalik ribuan binatang ternak dijadikan korban sempena aidiladha ini, maka, sewajarnya kita merenung semula sejauh manakah kita telah berkorban demi memenuhi kehendak, perintah dan arahan Tuhan? Cukupkah dengan kita mengorbankan seekor lembu bermakna pengorbanan kita kepada Tuhan telah mencukupi?

UiTMedicalNet : Suatu Kebanggaan Bangsa Untuk 100 Tahun Lagi

UiTMedicalNet adalah infrastruktur sistem rangkaian MPLS yang menghubungkan Fakulti Perubatan Kampus Selayang, Fakulti Perubatan Kampus Sg. Buluh dan Fakulti Perubatan Kampus Teluk Intan sebagai sebuah kemudahan perubatan yang saling berangkaian diantara satu sama lain. Mereka saling lengkap melengkapi. Semua maklumat data pesakit (Electronics Health Record/Electronic Medical Record) diketiga-tiga lokasi ini boleh diakses dimana sahaja pada bila-bila masa selagi mereka berada didalam UiTMedicalNet. UiTMedicalNet dihubungkan dengan semua Kampus UiTM diseluruh negara melalui UiTMNet. Ia (UiTMNet) boleh diakses daripada luar UiTM menggunakan Virtual Private Network.

Dengan kemudahan ini, Clinical Trial Clinic (CTC) di Kampus Sg. Buluh dan di Clinical Trial Clinic di Kampus Selayang akan berhubung di antara satu sama lain, begitu juga dengan Institute of Medical Molecular Biotechnology (IMMB) di kedua-dua lokasi tersebut. Ini membolehkan seorang pesakit yang mendapat rawatan dan pemeriksaan kesihatan di CTC Kampus Selayang dan kemudiannya pesakit tersebut mendapat rawatan susulan di CTC Kampus Sg. Buluh, maklumat atau data pesakit tersebut boleh diakses melalui Hospital Information System (HIS). Menjadikan UiTM sebagai universiti pertama dan Hospital pertama di negara ini mencipta sejarah dalam bidang perubatan negara apabila memiliki sistem HIS yang bersepadu didalam seluruh sistem UiTM.

UiTMedicalNet Network - One to any at 8Mbps rate

UiTMedicalNet Network Design & Implementation Requirement:

1. The wired network infrastructure is the “nervous system” of daily operations and must be secured to insure normal operations. This security must be considered in every phase of network design, implementation, and maintenance.

2. Using some general guidelines to secure the wired network, many threats to the network can be reduced if not eliminated. Part of this security includes protecting the medium on which this information travels including the wired network infrastructure.

3. Compliant with the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) was enacted to protect health information by establishing transaction standards for the exchange of health information, security standards, and privacy standards for the use and disclosure of individually identifiable health information. Entities directly impacted by this act are health plans, health clearinghouses and healthcare providers.

4. Even there are other rules incorporated in HIPAA, the Security Rule has the most direct impact on the hospital’s wired network infrastructure. This rule addresses security measures such as user authentication, access controls, audit trails, controls of external communication links, and physical security. With increasingly more information being stored and transmitted electronically, the Security Rule works to identify and regulate these activities (Gue, n.d.).

5. Steps to Secure the Wired Network Infrastructure and Meet HIPAA Standards As with any security strategy, securing the wired network infrastructure must be done in layers. The use of layers provides the hospital multiple lines of defense as well as helping eliminate single points of security failure.

6. The way network security is designed and implemented is shifting due to increased needs and new security vulnerabilities inside of the organization. It was long thought that all that was needed was a hard external shell and a soft internal network. In today’s environment, this couldn’t be further from the truth. We must continue to harden the perimeter while increasing the security inside of the trusted network to help mitigate internal security threats (Alomary and Jamil, 2004). As stated by Rabinovitch (2003), “network security can be protected through a combination of high-availability network architecture and an integrated set of security access control and monitoring mechanisms”

7. In the following sections, a look will be taken at some general steps that can be taken to help achieve this layered security integration approach to the wired network security. Because each section of this paper could be the primary topic of many papers, a broad approach will be taken giving general practices and concepts. So although a detailed demonstration of the techniques needed to accomplish the security goals for a hospital will not be covered, design concepts and best practices will help to ensure that the correct security path is taken.

8. When securing a hospital network, a secure perimeter is the first step in overall network security. As stated by Sood (n.d.), “when one connects the enterprise network to the Internet, one is connecting its network to the thousands of networks that are unknown thus giving millions of people the opportunity to access your assets”. Because the perimeter is vulnerable to attacks from the Internet and so much is at stake, great care must be taken to ensure that it is secure.

9. When considering perimeter security, a look must be taken at the devices that will be used. In many organizations, various types of firewalls and remote access devices are deployed for perimeter protection. Although this is a solid practice, we must ensure that these devices are configured correctly to provide the security for which they were designed. As stated by Kincaid (2004), “an improperly located, configured, or monitored firewall can give a false sense of security for an organization” (pg.1). It is imperative that the utmost attention to detail be taken with the design and implementation of perimeter security devices.

10. There are many types of firewall that can be used in today’s networks. Initially a decision must be made on the type of firewall to be used at the perimeter. Firewalls can be categorized into the following types: packet filtering, proxy, and stateful firewalls. In many cases, the organizational and network structure will dictate which type of firewall is deployed. In a hospital environment, a stateful firewall is typically the firewall of choice.

11. This is because the stateful firewall keeps track of actual communications state tables which can be useful for IDS and various types of communications required in a hospital environment. Moreover, its ability to track connectionless protocols such as User Datagram Protocol (UDP) makes it a prime candidate for deployment at a hospitals perimeter (Stauber, 2004). Although there are many types of firewalls deployed today, the stateful firewall is often best suited for the hospital security due to its ability to track communications and the use of continuously updated state tables. Once the type of firewall has been chosen for the hospital perimeter, we must ensure that it is configured correctly so it performs the security that is expected. The first and most important step in securing the firewall is to turn off all unneeded services.

12. These unused services could be exploited and therefore are an easy step to increase the security at the perimeter. Another best practice which is often overlooked is changing the default settings. Defaults settings on things such as passwords, Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP), services, and http are a few things if not changed can be exploited. Often a firewall is put in place with many of the default settings which makes it an easy target for potential hackers. Another important step in configuring the perimeter firewall for security is to disallow device management from the outside or untrusted interface. By not allowing the device to be managed from outside of the network, we help to protect the device from being compromised and reconfigured. Security must be considered during the initial configuration of the perimeter firewall to help secure the hospital network.

13. When considering the perimeter security of the hospital, network architecture is key. One mechanism that should be considered during the design for the network perimeter is the use of Network Address Translation (NAT). Although there is no security in obscurity, by using NAT at the perimeter we help hide the internal network therefore increasing security at some levels

14. Don’t allow communications to be initiated from the outside or un-trusted interface. If it is necessary to make servers and devices available from outside, it is recommended that a Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) network be deployed or secure tunnels be used for these devices.

15. The use of a DMZ network gives the ability to access devices without allowing outside devices onto the enterprise network. With this being done, if a device on the DMZ network is compromised, its effects on the hospital’s core network are contained (Wilson, 2002).

16. Although this is by no means an exhausted look at the perimeter design in a hospital, it is a look at a few steps that will help increase security. An additional aspect of the perimeter firewall that must not be overlooked is Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) and monitoring. Although many firewalls today offer integrated IDS, they are often underutilized or not used at all. If an IDS is integrated in the perimeter firewall, it must be properly configured to be effective. Sufficient time must be taken to ensure that this mechanism is working. Once the IDS is properly configured, it must be monitored. Often an IDS is put in place and never thought about again. An IDS is only effective if it is properly monitored and the data collected is analyzed, so we must implement procedures for this monitoring. With today’s firewalls offering integrated IDS, it must be properly utilized and monitored to help secure the hospital perimeter.

17. An additional aspect of hospital perimeter security which must be considered is Remote Access. In today’s hospital, remote access is a critical part of daily operations so steps must be take to secure this access while still allowing for normal operation. Various devices that are included in this remote access are things such as Virtual Private Network (VPN) concentrators, VPN routers, Dial-In Servers, and many others. Because these remote access devices are acting as a gateway to our network, we must ensure that they are secure (Convey, n.d.).

18. There are many aspects that must be taken into consideration when securing remote access gateways. Many of the principles and practices used to secure perimeter firewalls must also be applied to remote access devices. Some differences in firewall and remote access security consideration given to access control and auditing must. Because the traffic is coming from different sources outside of the hospital, great detail must be taken to ensure that the users are authenticated and this access is audited (TLC, HIPAA, Overview, n.d.)

19. One way to help with remote access authentication and auditing is to centralize administration. By using a centralized source for authenticating and logging, processes are streamlined and become more efficient. If users only have to be added in one place and logs can be viewed in a single place, administration of remote access is made easier and less likely to security vulnerabilities due to missed configuration or unviewed logs.

20. One way this could be done is with a device such as Cisco Access Control server. This server gives the ability to do Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting for remote access in one central location. So although many of the security concerns addressed with firewalls can also be used with remote access devices, due to HIPAA as well as general security practices, great care must be taken when authenticating, authorizing, and accounting for remote access (Cisco Secure Access Control, n.d.)

21. In today’s hospitals, things such as Internet connectivity and Remote Access are vital to daily operations. This importance along with the vulnerability of these devices require that they must be configured, placed, and monitored properly to help ensure they do not become a security liability to the hospital. Also, when designing security at the perimeter, consideration must also be given to things such as fault-tolerance and attack postures (Lundell, 2001). Although it has often been thought in the past that if a firewall is placed at the perimeter the hospital is secure, other aspects must be considered when designing, implementing, and maintaining a secure hospital perimeter.

22. Often network segmentation is only considered in the hospital network when designing the network for efficiency and not security. Network segmentation can play a huge role in the security of the hospital wired infrastructure. By using segmentation, security can be achieved through things such as path isolation and increased number of security boundaries. So although segmentation is necessary for an efficient network infrastructure, it can also be used to help secure the network. Once thought of only as ways to isolate broadcast and to increase network efficiency and resiliency, Virtual Local Area Networks (VLANs) can be used to help secure the wired network infrastructure. By segmenting devices into separate VLANs on the hospital switches, the opportunity for security boundaries is increased. While devices on the same VLAN may have unrestricted access to each other, things such as Access Control Lists (ACLs) and firewalls can be put on the edge of the VLANs to restrict access to other VLANS therefore giving the opportunity for more security (Network Segmentation, n.d.). With this type of segmentation, things such as different departments, equipment, data centers, etc. can be restricted at the edge of the VLAN creating security boundaries. One area of a hospital that requires this type of Layer 2 isolation is Radiology equipment. Much of this equipment lacks the ability for protection at the endpoint so the network segment on which it resides must be secure. The use of VLAN segmentation allows for the restrictions to be applied closer to the source, therefore being more effective (Virtual LAN Security, n.d.).

23. Another aspect that must be considered when designing network segmentation to increase security is path isolation. Often traffic is segmented on the Layer 2 network through the use of VLANs but is often mixed together once it passes through a layer 3 device such as a router. Care must be taken to ensure that certain traffic is isolated on both the Layer 2 and 3 network segments. One case in where this would be necessary would be “guest access”. This traffic should be segmented and completely isolated from hospital traffic throughout the network to ensure security. At no point in the network should this type of traffic be inter-mixed with hospital traffic. This can be achieved through design strategies such as network virtualization. By using network virtualization, complete traffic isolation can be achieved at both Layer 2 and Layer 3 network segments.

24. By using traffic isolation throughout the hospital network, another layer is built into the wired network security architecture. Although things such as network segmentation and isolation are often burdensome to design and implement, they can prove to be a great asset in the wired network security of any hospital. As stated by Olzak (2006), “at a minimum, network segmentation should result in a production segment and a restricted access segment” (pg. 1). As networks and the devices that they contain become more complex and diverse, great efforts must be taken to segment, isolate, and secure different traffic as it traverses the wired network.

25. In many hospital environments, great care is taken to design security at the perimeter while network access control on the internal network is often overlooked. Network access (or admission) control is allowing or denying network access based on predetermined criteria. This type of access control is often only considered in the context of things such as wireless networks and remote access. It is not until recently that network access control is becoming popular on the switch port level within the hospital’s wired infrastructure.

26. The most well-known and implemented piece of network access control is Identity Based Network Services (IBNS) and 802.1x. The IEEE (2004) offers the following description for network access control and 802.1x standard: Port-based network access control makes use of the physical access characteristics of IEEE 802 Local Area Networks (LAN) infrastructure in order to provide a means of authenticating and authorizing devices attached to a LAN port that has point-to-point connection characteristics and of preventing access to that port in cases in which the authentication and authorization process fails.

27. So 802.1x gives the ability to allow network access based on credentials supplied by either the user or the device. This offers the ability to allow network access only to legitimate users at the front line, the switch port. Often, in many environments, everyone is allowed access to the network and access control is placed on devices such as servers. By pushing this access control to the port-level on the network, the security of the overall networking environment is increased because only authenticated devices or users are allowed access to the network (Meador, n.d.). With much of today’s security threats coming from inside of the network, this type of access control gives the ability to authenticate users on the front line and help to increase the overall security of the core network.

28. Another aspect of network access control which must be considered is the security posture of the device connecting to the network. Often it is not enough to just verify who is accessing the network but what is accessing the network. With systems such as Cisco Network Access Control and Juniper Universal Clean Access, a device can be verified for network access. This verification process can include checks for such things as Antivirus, patches, and other security aspects (Lippis, 2006). By using such systems for network access, the device that is accessing the network can be tested for security compliance as well as the user. This ability to scan the device allows for compromised and un-secure devices to be denied at the edge of the network before affecting the entire infrastructure.

29. In many cases network access control is a very tedious task to deploy throughout a hospital but it can prove to be a major asset in infrastructure security. By authenticating and authorizing users and devices at the port level, potential security threats are eliminated before given the ability to impact the network infrastructure. As stated by Guo and Wang (2005), LAN connections, traditionally considered trusted networks now also require higher levels of security. In fact, internal threats are ten times more financially damaging that external threats. (pg. 281) With many of today’s security threats coming from inside of the organization, this ability is becoming a necessary part of network security and also helping with HIPAA compliance.

30. A network infrastructure is only as secure as the equipment on which it runs. In securing a hospitals network infrastructure, equipment security must not be overlooked. If the equipment that runs the network is compromised, the entire hospital and the data which it contains is left vulnerable, so it is a major piece of the security puzzle.

31. The first thing that must be considered when looking at securing network equipment is access. Who and how access to the network equipment is controlled. HIPAA requires that equipment be housed in a secure location so put the equipment in locked environments wherever possible (TLC HIPAA Overview, n.d.).

32. Also authentication and authorization must also be required for access and management of the network equipment. This is best done through a centralized authentication server such as Radius or TACACS+. Great care must also be taken to secure how the equipment is accessed. Wherever possible, eliminate insecure protocols such as telnet and http and use protocols such as Secure Shell (SSH) and HTTPS. Also, restrict access to only known device IP addresses through access control list. Many network segments and subnets have no need to manage network equipment so deny access from these networks. Wherever possible, use out-of-band management so that normal traffic and management traffic are not on the same segments (Convey, n.d.)

33. Network equipment access security in management is critical to the overall security posture of the network infrastructure. As mentioned earlier with perimeter firewalls unused services must be disabled to help secure network devices. Unused services on network devices are a potential security risk and should be disabled. If the services aren’t used, no functionality is lost but security is gained if the services are disabled. These services will vary depending on the type and manufacturer of the device, but most manufactures document services to disable if not needed. So a good rule of thumb is to know your equipment and what it does and turn off everything else. Also, disable unused ports. An unused port that is enabled can potentially become an entry point for an attacker. So to help ensure the security of the network equipment as well as the overall network, disable all unused services and ports on the network devices (Convey, n.d.)

34. In today’s hospital, increased reliance on the wired network infrastructure has made security a major part of every aspect of design, installation, and maintenance. Every effort must be made to secure the various levels of the network. In the past, network security was an afterthought. In today’s network, it must be a major factor in every part of the network (Cisco Medical Grade Network, n.d.). This paper has given a birds-eye view of some practices to be considered when it comes to the hospital’s wired network infrastructure. As this, or no other single document, is not be considered the key to hospital network security, it offers concepts to serve as guide to increase security and help insure HIPAA compliance.

Reference: Cisco Medical Grade Network

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Sistem aplikasi pengurusan maklumat pesakit yang dibangunkan untuk Fakulti Perubatan UiTM bakal menjadi benchmarking kepada perkhidmatan pusat kesihatan negara. Konsep satu pengguna satu katakunci memudahkan pengguna menggunakan aplikasi THIS. Konsep satu pesakit, satu rekod pula bertujuan untuk mempercepatkan carian maklumat pesakit disamping ia dapat mengelakan kecelaruan data dan rekod pesakit berlaku. Semua aplikasi THIS akan menggunakan UiTMedicalNet sebagai one single platform seperti lebuhraya untuk menghubungkan Kampus Selayang dan Kampus Sg. Buluh menggunakan single common database.